Durga Puja or Durgotsab is one of the most popular Hindu festival in the
country. It is a ten days long festival in which Goddess Durga, the Hindu
goddess of power, Durga or Shakti is worshipped in nine different forms. It is a
ten days affair in which last six days are observed with elaborate rituals and
intricate ceremonies. It is considered that the Goddess is invoked on the fifth
day Mahalaya and then onwards extensive ceremonies go on Shashthi, Maha Saptami,
Maha Ashtami, Maha Nabami and Bijoya Dashami. On the occasion of Dashmi, the
Goddess is believed to have left for her universal abode and thus her idols are
immersed into sacred water.
When And Where Is It Celebrated?
This festival generally lies in between September to November according to the
Gregorian calendar. The dates of the Pooja are decided according to the Hindu
religious calendar. It is celebrated in the Northern and Eastern states of
India- West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa and Tripura. Apart from these
places states like Delhi, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Punjab, Kashmir, Karnataka and
Kerala also enthusiastically participate in the festival.
Nine Days Celebrations
For Hindus ‘Puja’ is all about prayers, rituals, and songs. Even though Durga
Puja has become more like a feast and social event, the most important aspect
remains the religious celebration to honor the goddess Durga. The first four
days are days of ‘Kalash Sthapana’ and Kalsh Pooja. The main festivities start
from the day of Mahalaya when it is believed that Devi has been invoked in the
idol. During the last five-days (shasti, saptmi, ashtmi, navmi and vijayadashmi)
of the festival people pay tribute to the goddess through ‘Pushpanjali’, Aarti
and ‘Bhog’. Different kinds of prayers and different kinds of ‘bhog items’ are
prescribed for everyday from Mahalya onwards. People make different kinds of
offerings and honor her through ceremonies, prayers, and songs. Special Pooja
rituals are prescribed for each day. Generally, a community pooja is performed
where a priest performs the pooja for the entire community. Generally, People
attend their own community pandal for daily rituals, ceremonies, music, dances,
and food, but they also other pandals for worshipping the Goddess. In different
states, different rituals are attached with Pooja and people follow the trend.
Celebration Trends
Durga Pooja has always been an integral part of the Hindu culture especially in
West Bengal, where there have been grand ceremonies on this occasion right from
the 16th century. The trend of grand celebrations in the country began from the
'Sharadiya Durgotsab' festivals organized by Raja Kangshanarayan of Taherpur and
Bhabananda Mazumdar of Nadiya in 1606. Since then Durga Puja celebrations have
been observed as a day for merriment with friends, relatives, neighbors and
acquaintances throughout the north and eastern part of India. However, the Puja
celebration over the years have transformed in presentation often. Earlier, it
was a family affair for rich and affluent people of a community and now it has
become more of a community affair where people contribute towards the
celebrations. In present times, the evolution of many clubs, associations and
societies has made the Puja cosmopolitan in character.
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